The "Big Four" American stone skipping contests include (in order of establishment and participant rankings): The record for most World Championship wins also sits with Dougie Isaacs (Scotland), with 8 Men's World Stone Skimming Championship wins (2005, 2007, 2010, 2011, 2013, 2014, 2015, 2016) and the Women's World Stone Skimming Championship wins record sits with Lucy Wood (England) with 5 wins (2012, 2013, 2015, 2016, 2018). There are several stone skimming championships held. These records were made on at Abernant Lake, Llanwrtyd Wells, Powys, Wales. The Guinness World Record for the furthest distance skimmed using natural stone stands at 121.8m for men, established by Dougie Isaacs (Scotland), and 52.5m for women, thrown by Nina Luginbuhl (Switzerland). Kurt Steiner also held the world record between 20 with a throw of 40 skips, achieved in competition in Franklin, PA. Before him, the record was 51 skips, set by Russell Byars on July 19, 2007, skipping at the same location. The previous record was 65 skips, by Max Steiner (no relation), set at Riverfront Park, Franklin, Pennsylvania. The cast was achieved on September 6, 2013, at Red Bridge in the Allegheny National Forest, Pennsylvania. The world record for the number of skips, according to the Guinness Book of Records, is 88, by Kurt "Mountain Man" Steiner. An early explanation of the physics of stone-skipping was provided by Lazzaro Spallanzani in the 18th century. Among the first documented evidence stone skipping as a sport was in England, where it was described as "Ducks and Drakes" in 1583. Greek scholar Julius Pollux also noted the game in Onomastikon.
The act of skipping stones was mentioned by Marcus Minucius Felix in his dialogue Octavius, in which he described children playing a game on the beach.
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